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Hypnotics—General Articles
FDA-approved medications for the treatment of insomnia (hypnotics)
Non-addictive sleep medications
Is quetiapine (Seroquel®) a reasonable option for treating insomnia?
Best hypnotics in elderly patients?
Hypnotics to avoid in the elderly (older adults)
Which hypnotics to use or avoid in persons with sleep apnea
Will zolpidem be detected in a standard urine drug screen?
My best tip for reducing (or stopping) benzodiazepines and hypnotics
Benzodiazepines
Three important pieces of information about benzodiazepines
Practical tips on using hypnotics: benzodiazepines
Viewpoint: Has the pendulum swung too far against the use of benzodiazepines?
Cytochrome P450 drug interactions with benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines in the elderly and in liver disease
Should we consider a benzodiazepine for persons with major depressive disorder?
My best tip for reducing (or stopping) benzodiazepines and hypnotics
Alprazolam (Xanax® or Xanax-XR®)
Alprazolam (Xanax® or Xanax-XR®): Basic Information
Potential side effects of alprazolam (Xanax®)
How to convert from alprazolam immediate-release to extended-release
Potential advantages and disadvantages of alprazolam extended-release (Xanax XR®)
Chlordiazepoxide (Librium®)
Clonazepam (Klonopin®)
Clonazepam (Klonopin®): Basic Information
Potential side effects of clonazepam (Klonopin®)
Tips on using clonazepam ODT
Diazepam (Valium®)
Lorazepam (Ativan®)
Oxazepam (Serax®)
Temazepam (Restoril®)
Benzodiazepines for Alcohol Withdrawal
Which benzodiazepines for alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS)?
Benzodiazepine regimens for preventing or treating alcohol withdrawal
Benzodiazepine use disorder
Doxepin
Melatonin receptor agonists
Melatonin
Melatonin: An introduction
Does melatonin work for insomnia?
Low-dose preparations of melatonin
Which brand and preparation of melatonin to recommend
Melatonin agonists for preventing and treating delirium?
Extending the action of melatonin: extended/time/sustained-release or bi-layer/dual spectrum
What are the potential side effects of melatonin?
Does melatonin need to be gradually tapered off when stopping it?
Can melatonin have negative effects on puberty?
Can melatonin increase blood sugar?
What drug interactions can occur with melatonin?
Ramelteon
Orexin receptor antagonists
What is the orexin system, and why is it so important?
An overview of dual orexin receptor antagonists (DORAs)
How do we choose which dual orexin receptor antagonist (DORA) to prescribe?
Potential side effects of dual orexin receptor antagonists (DORAs)
Do dual orexin receptor antagonists (DORAs) have a low risk of abuse or dependence?
Are dual orexin receptor antagonists (DORAs) safe in obstructive sleep apnea?
Daridorexant (Quviviq®): Basic information
Lemborexant (Dayvigo®): Basic information
Suvorexant (Belsomra®): Basic information
Z-drugs
Practical tips on using hypnotics: the Z drugs
How to match the patient with the right Z-drug
What dose equivalence to use when changing between Z-drugs
Give all these instructions while prescribing zolpidem
Are the Z-drugs (zolpidem and others) safe to take during pregnancy?
Hypnotic if waking up in the middle of the night?
Eszopiclone (Lunesta®): Basic Information
Zolpidem (Ambien® and Ambien CR®): Basic Information
Zaleplon (Sonata®): Basic Information
How zolpidem dosing differs between women and men
Non-Medication Interventions for Insomnia
Relaxation Practice: A Simple and Powerful Tool for Anxiety, Tension, and Insomnia
Sleep masks for better sleep
Blue-light-blocking glasses
Sleep Hygiene Worksheets
Sleep log: Ten important questions about the person’s sleep
Also see Sleep-Wake Disorders (Main Menu)
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