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By Rajnish Mago, MD (bio)
Potential benefits of eating a diet with a low glycemic index
Eating a diet with a low glycemic index is important for the prevention and treatment of diabetes, pre-diabetes, and coronary artery disease (Augustin et al., 2015). It may also be helpful in preventing some cancers but this more uncertain that the benefits for the other conditions listed above (e.g., Schlesinger et al., 2017)
Vegetables
In general, we can assume that vegetables have a low glycemic index. But, here are some exceptions:
Carrots.
Fruits
In general, we should assume that fruits contain fructose and have a moderate or high glycemic index. But, some fruits have a low glycemic index. Some of these are (alphabetically): Apples, cherries, peaches, pears, plums
Related Pages
Glycemic index for 60+ foods (Harvard Health Publishing)
References
Atkinson FS, Foster-Powell K, Brand-Miller JC. International tables of glycemic index and glycemic load values: 2008. Diabetes Care. 2008 Dec;31(12):2281-3. doi: 10.2337/dc08-1239. Epub 2008 Oct 3. PubMed PMID: 18835944; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2584181.
Augustin LS, Kendall CW, Jenkins DJ, Willett WC, Astrup A, Barclay AW, Björck I, Brand-Miller JC, Brighenti F, Buyken AE, Ceriello A, La Vecchia C, Livesey G, Liu S, Riccardi G, Rizkalla SW, Sievenpiper JL, Trichopoulou A, Wolever TM, Baer-Sinnott S, Poli A. Glycemic index, glycemic load and glycemic response: An International Scientific Consensus Summit from the International Carbohydrate Quality Consortium (ICQC). Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2015 Sep;25(9):795-815. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2015.05.005. Epub 2015 May 16. PubMed PMID: 26160327.
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Kaur B, Ranawana V, Henry J. The Glycemic Index of Rice and Rice Products: A Review, and Table of GI Values. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2016;56(2):215-36. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2012.717976. Review. PubMed PMID: 25590950.
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Sieri S, Krogh V. Dietary glycemic index, glycemic load and cancer: An overview of the literature. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2017 Jan;27(1):18-31. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2016.09.014. Epub 2016 Oct 10. Review. PubMed PMID: 27986350.
Schwingshackl L, Hoffmann G. Long-term effects of low glycemic index/load
Wang Q, Xia W, Zhao Z, Zhang H. Effects comparison between low glycemic index diets and high glycemic index diets on HbA1c and fructosamine for patients with diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Prim Care Diabetes. 2015 Oct;9(5):362-9. doi: 10.1016/j.pcd.2014.10.008. Epub 2014 Dec 16. Review. PubMed PMID: 25524422.
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